Child Labor Essay - 2155 Words

Child Labor The next time when you are out on your shopping trip, chances you may have support a business that exploits children. It is very disturbing and heartbreaking to learn many children are chained to looms for 12 hours a day because families need to have their child bringing home a small amount of moneys. Child labor has always been a difficult subject to address, the topic have become much more complicated and prolific. Child Labor is not an isolated problem. The phenomenon of child labor is an effect of economic discrimination. In different parts of the world, at different stages of histories, laboring of child has been a part of economic life. More than 200 million children worldwide, some are as young as 4 and 5†¦show more content†¦Most of them (57 million) were in Asia. However, over the previous ten years, he found that the absolute number of children working was declining in Asia but rising in the Americas and Africa, sharply in the latter. The problem is enormous, but the trend, fortunately, is heading in the right direction. The overall growth of an economy is by no means the only factor, nor for that matter the most important factor, in the mitigation of child labor. Depending upon many variables, from economic development, to political structure, corruption, and other external factors, some families need to have their child bringing home a small amount of moneys. Therefore , the child labor phenomenon is reasonable. One important which caused child labor is the poverty. The birthrate is so high that create overpopulation and cause poverty and lack of primary education. One way that many families in traditional societies attempt to cope with the pressure of overpopulation and the resulting unemployment is to send children to urban areas to find cash employment. Sending their child out on the labor force is a way to exchange for small loans or to repay the debts of the parents or grandparents. In most Asia countries, they don’t have social security for the elder, so parents often rely on their children for financial support. There were some disturbing cases that children are bought and sold for cash or for the settlement of a debt. SomeShow MoreRelatedThe Nature Of Child Labor1626 Words   |  7 Pagesthat â€Å"Globally there are 168 million child laborers, over half of which, 85 million, are in hazardous work conditions† (ILO). C hild labor is not a new phenomenon by any means; it has been going on for years and has become a social issue. This paper aims to portray the nature of child labor in India. It looks at the definition of child labor, the prevalence, and factors that lead children to work. Definition Often time people assume that the meaning of child labor is clear-cut. However, there is littleRead MoreChild Labor1885 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Child labor† By Elie Bou Chaaya ENL 110 Section â€Å"D† Miss Zeina Fayyad 18, January, 2008 Outline: Thesis statement: Child labor nowadays is considered to be a social injustice due to its harmful effects on the personal and psychological life of the child where the kinds of work offered to the child increases the amount of these effects regarding the solutions. I. Harmful personal and physical effects of child labor A. Low pay B. Very long work hours C. Forbids childrenRead MoreThe Dilemma Of Childhood And Child Labor837 Words   |  4 PagesChildren in Need The dilemma of childhood and child labor are constantly being argued in overseas and domestic sociological literature. Anthropologists and Sociologists through the time have observed the history and the impact of social institutions on child labor. Professionals researching in the field of sociology of economics and labor by examining the incentive and value orientations of children and teenagers in the labor force, their principles and working conditions, and their outlook towardsRead MoreThe Issue Of Child Labor1196 Words   |  5 PagesThe issue of child labor has drawn significant attention since early 1990s as many labor union and special interest groups advocate banning import of goods produced by the child labor in developing countries and the international consensus in the form of Convention on the Right of the Child (CRC) which is widely ratified in 1989 by countries (Boyden, Ling and Myers, 1998). However, concern regarding child labor is not new and can be dated back to industrial revolution, especially late eighteenthRead MoreChild Labor And The United States2768 Words   |  12 Pages When one hears the term â€Å"Child Labor†, an image of children making low quality clothing in some dingy third world sweatshop inevitably comes to mind. While this imagery is unfortunately founded in fact, the third world is not the only area complicit with this heinous practice. Truthfully, we, as a nation are also guilty of propagating this heinous practice. For over a century, this nation’s youth were subjugated to exploitation and abuse at the hands of captains of industry in the hopes of extractingRead MoreChild Labor Industrialization Essay1537 Words   |  7 Pagesthat they should be protected. However, those people believed in a child s capacity to change the world in the future. While people in the past saw children as a way to change the world while they were children. In the late seventeenth century, industrialization arose in Englan d ushering in a new era of industry in our world. More industry means more workers, including children. With the rise of industrialization in a nation, child laborers are viciously abused due to their niche roles in productionRead MoreThe Effects Of Child Slavery And Child Labor On Chocolate Plantation1617 Words   |  7 PagesChild slavery and child labor on chocolate plantations is one of the world’s greatest concerns at the moment. Chocolate plantations are specifically mentioned because chocolate is such a large industry and many kids, particularly in tropical African countries, are affected by child labor. In Cà ´te d’Ivoire alone, around 15,000 children are slaves working on chocolate, or cacao, plantations. (american.edu) This problem is concerning because not only is it unethical, but child labor and, thereforeRead MoreChild Labor766 Words   |  4 PagesThe History of Child Labor In AmericaTopic: The History Of Child LaborQuestion: In what ways was child l abor cruel to children?Thesis: Child labor in America has been very cruel and unfair to children as their jobs were not paid a decent amount of money, were working under terrible conditions, and they led to diseases. Starting in about the 1700s, hand labor was replaced by power driven machines to make jobs easier.1 The industrial revolution had begun, and families needed a job and money to be ableRead MoreChinas High Dependence On Child Labor1677 Words   |  7 PagesChild labor is a commonplace in China. Most of the children in China, families work income is dependent on their family’s survival. Child labor is a major issue throughout the global economy, especially in developing countries like China. Although, China has anti-child labor laws, many children in China are forced to work against their will. China is the home of many poor families and some of these families force their children to work because of their struggle with poverty and their lack of incomeRead MoreTakin g a Look at Child Labor1957 Words   |  8 PagesThe term ‘child labor is used for employment below a certain age, which is considered illegal by law and customs. Children are the greatest gift to humanity and Childhood is an important and impressionable stage of human development as it holds the potential to the future development of any society. A young child has yet to develop a substantial set of life experiences to allow for mature choices and decisions. Children depend on the support of adults to get them through life to ensure an adequate

Plato s Philosophy And Philosophy - 1070 Words

Plato, a Greek philosopher, was born around 423 to 428 BC, and died around 347 or 348 BC, at the age of eighty. He was a great philosopher, taught by Socrates. His dialogues have been used to teach many subjects, consisting of logic, ethics, rhetoric, religion, and mathematics, as well as philosophy. Plato was born between 429 and 423 BC, in either Athens or Aegina. At some point during his childhood, his father died, but the date is unknown. He was named Aristocles after his grandfather, but his wrestling coach named him Platon, meaning â€Å"broad,† because of his robust figure. As a child, his father, Ariston, wanted him to have a good education, so it is likely he was taught in grammar, music, gymnastics and philosophy by some of the most†¦show more content†¦Plato has possibly traveled in Italy, Sicily, Egypt, and Cyrene, Libya. Upon his return to Athens at the age of forty, he founded one of the earliest known organized schools in Academus. The Academy operated until Lucius Cornelius Sulla ordered its destruction in 84 BC. It was revived in the early 5th century by Neoplatonists, and operated until AD 529. Of the many intellectuals trained in the Academy, Aristotle was the most distinguished. Plato became intertwined with politics in the city of Syracuse all through his later life. The time of which Dionysius was ruling over Syracuse was when he visited. During this time, he almost died, but was instead sold into slavery, until finally, his freedom was bought by Anniceris. Plato was requested by Dion to return to Syracuse after Dionysius’ death to train Dionysius II to become a philosopher king. Dionysius II later became suspicious of his uncle, Dion, and banished him from Syracuse while keeping Plato against his will. Plato eventually left Syracuse, and Dionysius II was later overthrown by Dion. In many of Plato’s dialogues, Socrates communicates that knowledge is an event of recollection, not learning, observation, or study . Socrates has also argued that knowledge comes from divine insight, and is not empirical. Plato recommends a faith in the immortality of the soul in dialogues, including the Phaedo, Republic, and Phaedrus. Several of his dialogues are concluded with long

Richard The Lion Hearted Essay Paper Example For Students

Richard The Lion Hearted Essay Paper Greek Mythology played a very key role in the lives of the Greeks. Through the many legends about the gods, the Greeks were able to find reasons for all the laws of nature in a supernatural form. These legends were passed down from generation to generation until the spread of Christianity. On top of giving the Greeks reasons for natures action, their religion also gave them a faith that thing were going to be okay, which is something that all humans crave. The Greeks had 13 major gods. They often used these gods in their myths and prayed to them for particular needs. The head of the gods was Zeus who was also the god of the sky. Whenever Zeus spoke, he was listened to and his word was always final. Zeus had two brothers, Poseidon and Hades. The three brothers drew straws to decide who would control the skies, who would control the seas, and who would control the underworld. Zeus gained control over the skies and became king of the gods. Zeus used his mighty thunderbolts to punish all those who disobeyed him. Zeus married Hera, making her the queen of the gods. The sky god was extremely unfaithful to his wife and slept with women from queens all the way down to peasants. Since Zeus was king of the gods Hera could rarely force Zeus to do any penance, so she took out her wrath on the women Zeus slept with. Zeuss symbols were thunderbolts and eagles. When the three brothers drew straws to determine what area they would control Poseidon got the sea. His wife was Amphritrite who was a Nereid. Like Zeus, Poseidon was not very faithful to his spouse and had many affairs with the nymphs. Poseidon fathered several children who were extremely cruel and wild. Among his children were Orion the giant and the Polyphemus Cyclops. In art, Poseidon is generally featured holding a trident and accompanied by a dolphin. Also, Poseidon was said to have created many animals. He accidentally created such animals as the zebras while perfecting the horse. Hades was the god of the dead. When he and his three brothers divided up the universe, he ended up with the underworld. Hades rarely came out of the underworld to Mount Olympus, the place where the gods resided, because he was not welcome there. Persephone, whom Hades had abducted in order to get her to the underworld, was Hades queen. Hades was a pitiless god who never paid attention to prayer or sacrifice. But Hades was not an evil god. He was often referred to as the Lord of the riches because his kingdom was believed to be the reason for precious metals and crops. Hades wore a helmet and a cape that made him invisible. Hera was the queen of the gods. She was both the wife and sister of Zeus. Hera was a jealous goddess who never forgot an injury and always remembered to retaliate at the source of the injury with vengeance. She was the mother of Ares, Hebe, and Hephaestus. Hera was extremely displeased at the way that Zeus often treated children. Hera was the protector of marriage, married women, and children. Many people think that Hera was an ugly god that had no life outside of harassing here husband about his other relationships, because she was always after Zeuss mortal partners, but this is not true for she was thought to be one of the most beautiful gods, and many god were attracted to her. Demeter was the goddess of harvest. When her daughter, Persephone, was abducted to the underworld, Demeter became depressed. As a result Demeter produced no harvest and caused a famine. Zeus had to step in to correct the situation. Zeus ordered Hades to allow Persephone to be released. Hades obeyed his brother but before he let Persephone go, he forced her to eat pomegranate seeds that would cause her to come back to him for four months each year. So during the months Demeter was with her daughter she produced great crops; during the months Hades was with Persephone there was only death among the crops. Hestia was the goddess of the hearth and everyday life. She was also Zeuss sister. Most Greek people prayed to Hestia each day. In most homes there was a hearth that was not ever allowed to be put out because the fire was devoted to Hestia. These fires that burned in everyones home created a unity between the people. Ares was the son of Zeus through Hera and was perhaps the only son they had together. Both Zeus and Hera hated their son. Ares was the combat part of war. Ares is often looked on as an inspiration for people fighting for their life with odds heavily against them. The vulture and dog were the two animals associated with Ares. Both describe his character extremely well. Athena or Athene was the goddess of wisdom and the other god of war. Role as a war god was to give strategies guidance and wisdom to the warriors. She was Zeuss daughter and had no mother because Zeus had created her from the earth. Athena is often called gray-eyed because of her deep colored eyes. She was by far the favorite child of. Zeus even let her carry his aegis and use his thunderbolts. Sh e created the olive tree, which became known as her tree. The owl was her bird because they both were thought to have great wisdom. Cecrops was the king of Attica and had plans to build a magnificent city. The gods saw the plans for the building of this city and were greatly interested. The gods foresaw that this city would become a great city, so they had a dispute over which god should be the citys patron. After a many long arguments, it became obvious that either Athena or Poseidon would be the citys patron. A contest was held to end the dispute in which both Athena and Poseidon would give a gift to the city. Whoevers gift was greater would become the patron of the city. Poseidon created a four-mile salt spring that extended to the city and promised a might navy and great trading vessels. Then gray-eyed Athena planted a small bush that was laughed at by many. She said that it was the olive bush and poor men could flavor their bread and milk, and rich men could feast on oil create d from these olives bushes. Many gifts of this oil would be used as a sacrifice to the gods. The judges were so pleased with the olive that they declared the city Athens and built a huge temple in honor of the citys new patron Athena. Apollo was the son of Zeus through Leto. Many of the gods loved Apollo because he displayed his great musical talents before them. He was the god of healing and archery. It was said that when a mortal got sick it was because Apollo had shot him with one of his arrows. When a mortal healed it was credited to Apollo because he had first taught man how to heal. Apollo was also the god of light (not sun) and truth since he never told a lie. The animals sacred to him were the crow and dolphin. Artemis was the twin sister of Apollo and daughter of Zeus. She was like an untamed animal that loved to hunt. Artemis was the goddess of wild women, the moon, and untamed animals. Artemis was the protector (along with Hera) and the hunter of the gods. She seemed to a lmost have a split personality because at times she could be the most gentle and loving of the gods, usually when she was around children, and at other times she was the most ferocious and angry of all the gods, often when someone killed an animal on her sacred grounds. The deer was the animal most loved by Artemis. It is unsure whether Aphrodite is another daughter of Zeus or born from the sea. Most stories state that she was born from the sea. Aphrodite was the goddess of beauty and love because she was by far the most beautiful of all the gods. She was in the love triangle between her lame husband Hephaestus and Ares the god of war. The swan and dove were two of the birds sacred to her. Maia was the son of Atlas and a nymph. The son of Zeus and Maia was Hermes. Hermes was the messenger god and ended up in most all tales of mythology. Hermes ran messages for all the gods, but mainly for Zeus. Hermes was the god of trade and commerce. He was also a master thief and protector of tra ders. Hermes stole Apollos herds when he was a day old, but earned his forgiveness by giving Apollo the lyre he had just made. During Hermes last message he was led to the underworld by Hades where he had to stay for eternity much to most of the gods displeasure. Through these gods and the legends surrounding the gods, the Greeks found reasons for everything they did. They were also always able to find a god to motivate them to continue through the day and to use as inspiration. Even though the gods would eventually be nearly forgotten after the spread of Christianity, they would be studied for generations to follow. .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .postImageUrl , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:hover , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:visited , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:active { border:0!important; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:active , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Most Beautiful Girl in the World Essay End NotesHistory Essays

Neighbourhood Nursing Essay Example

Neighbourhood Nursing Essay The ethos of a report by Cumberledge, Neighbourhood Nursing A Focus for Care (DOH, 1986), was to introduce nurse prescribing from a limited formulary to improve the care of patients in their own homes, and it identified that district nurses wasted valuable time requesting prescriptions from general practitioners (GPs) when they had seen and assessed the patient themselves with no medical involvement (Baird, 2003). Nurses as prescribers need to be aware of the influences on prescribing and the need for bias to be controlled in the information sources that they use, as patients receiving prescriptions from nurse prescribers will assume the product prescribed is safe and appropriate for them (Parker, 2000). In order to demonstrate the principles of safe, effective, appropriate and cost-efficient prescribing, the author will analyse the critical incident described in Appendix 1, and using the prescribing pyramid (NPC, 1999) to assist decision-making, explore the most appropriate course of action in terms of treatment. Consider the Patient Before prescribing, a thorough assessment of the patients medical and social history should be taken (NPC, 1999). We will write a custom essay sample on Neighbourhood Nursing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Neighbourhood Nursing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Neighbourhood Nursing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A leg ulcer has been defined as the loss of skin below the knee, which takes more than six weeks to heal (Dale et al, 1983). Mr X had injured his leg six weeks prior to his referral to the DNs, therefore a leg ulcer assessment was conducted that incorporated a Doppler ultrasound, assessment of previous medical history and assessment of the limb and wound to determine the underlying cause of the ulcer and any associated diseases. This assessment will influence decisions about prognosis, referral, investigation and management (RCN, 1998). Lack of appropriate clinical assessment of patients with limb ulceration has often led to long periods of ineffective or inappropriate treatment (Stevens et al, 1997). The Doppler ultrasound revealed an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) of 1.1 and 1.0 in the left. This gave an indication that Mr X had a vascular problem rather than arterial. The wound bed was sloughy, with slight inflammation around the edge, indicating a localised infection, which could delay healing; the wound was also malodorous again indicating infection was present. Chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremities is a complicated disorder, affecting the productivity and wellbeing of millions of people worldwide (Donaldson, 2000; de Araujo et al, 2003). It is also a major cause of morbidity among patients in hospital and community settings (Nelson, 2001) Venous disease is the most common cause of leg ulcers. Identification of the risks of venous ulceration is important, as is optimal therapy, which requires control of abnormal venous physiology combined with adjunctive treatments to correct secondary skin ulceration, infection and lymphoedema (Donaldson, 2000). Which Strategy? Having established that the reason the ulcer was not showing signs of healing was due to venous insufficiency to the affected limbs and a localised infection to the wounds, the options for treatment needed to be considered. Liaison with his GP was essential to discuss pain management strategies with Mr X to control any pain he was suffering along with any anti-biotic therapy regarding the localized infection. However, the role of bacteria in chronic ulcers is a matter of debate and many authors have contradictory views regarding the use of antibiotic therapy (Tammelin et al, 1998). Within the local trust, guidelines suggest that if the patient is not showing signs of clinical infection such as pyrexia, friable, bleeding granulation tissue or cellulitis, antibiotics are not indicated. Furthermore, routine swabbing is not recommended as this is thought to be neither helpful nor cost-effective (Gilchrist, 2002). All chronic wounds contain bacteria and often represent either secondary colonisation or merely contamination, therefore not actually causing clinical infection (Morison et al, 1999). Consider the Choice of Product Short-stretch compression bandaging has been shown to be equally efficacious when compared to other compression systems in healing venous ulcers independent of associated factors (Scriven et al, 1998; Nelson, 1996; Vowden, 1998). This has directed a trend towards the use of short-stretch bandaging as a cost-effective and proven method of reversing venous hypertension and enhancing the wound repair process in some patients (Charles, 1998). Short-stretch compression bandages are fairly inelastic because the weave allows for minimal stretch and recoil (Charles, 1998). When applied to a leg at 90-100% stretch with a 50% overlap the inelastic nature of the bandage allows it to form a firm tube. When the muscle of the calf contracts, it reflects or rebounds from the wall of the tube, which increases the action of the calf muscle pump, thereby promoting venous return to the heart. It also has an effect on the microcirculation with an overall improvement in the function of the skin (Klyscz et al, 1997; Coleridge-Smith, 1997). The combination of increased calf muscle pump activity and an improved microcirculation as a result of short-stretch compression therapy therefore has the potential to correct venous incompetence and promote healing in venous disease. Non-compliance is a recognised problem in the use of compression therapy (Mayberry et al, 1991; Taylor, 1992). There are a number of reasons why this is the case, including factors such as forgetting instructions, difficulty managing the bandages and discomfort caused by the bandages for example, finding them too hot (Samson and Showalter, 1996). Mr X had experienced leg ulcer in the past and had not felt happy with four layer bandaging as he had complained of them making his legs too hot and also they felt bulky. Negotiate a Contract To ensure concordance it is important that the patient plays a central role in the decision-making process (NPC, 1999). If the patient is not consulted and does not understand the rationale for dressing choice, compliance with the treatment may be affected (Cole, 2004). A nurse prescriber has to balance dressing cost with nursing time, together with patient acceptability and concordance (Edwards, 2000). Mr X had experience of other wound care products used on his leg in the past, and had strong opinions about which ones he was willing to accept the use of. It is important to be aware of influences that may affect the way treatments are prescribed however, such as patient pressure or drug companies promotional advertising (Brew, 1994). Autonomy is grounded in respect for patients ability to choose, decide and take responsibility for their own lives (Randers and Mattiasson, 2004), but had his decisions been inappropriate, unsafe or not based on best evidence, agreeing to prescribe them could be deemed maleficent (Pridmore, 1998). Providing information on the benefits of the treatment proposed, in addition to the drawbacks enabled him to make an informed choice. Ultimately, negotiation ensures that the patient receives the most appropriate evidence-based care, which is safe, and which he agrees on. Review the Patient Twice weekly visits were agreed with Mr X to monitor the effectiveness of the bandaging and ensure that it was not causing a reaction, was helping to debride the slough, reduce the localised infection and absorb the exudate. Mr X was informed of the signs of an adverse reaction to the dressing, such as itching, increased localised pain and irritation at the site of the dressing, and advised to ring the DN if at all concerned. If the dressing used caused a reaction to Mr Xs leg and it was not picked up soon enough and the dressing removed, the effects could be deemed maleficent (Pridmore, 1998). Ongoing evaluation of the prescribed treatment should always be undertaken, as modifications may need to be made if conditions change (Morison et al, 1999). Once the primary objective has been achieved, the assessment process needs to be repeated in order to identify the next treatment objective until the wound has healed (Collier, 2002). After one week the inflammation surrounding the ulcer had gone and there was evidence that the slough was beginning to lift. Mr X had not reported any discomfort or irritation to the ulcer or surrounding tissue, which suggests that the dressing prescribed, was suitable for him. Record Keeping As a registered nurse one has both a professional and legal duty of care, therefore all nurses have a responsibility to keep accurate and up-to-date records that should be an accurate account of treatment, care planning and delivery that provides clear evidence of the decisions made (NMC, 2002a). This form of communication ensures that all members of the healthcare team involved in the care of the patient are fully informed, and ensures changes in the patients condition are detected at an early stage (NMC, 2000b). Details of the prescribed treatment were entered into Mr Xs assessment notes with a clear rationale for the choice of treatment. The trust has a specific form to complete that informs the GP of the treatment prescribed, which was completed and handed to Mr Xs doctor. Reflection Utilising a structured model of reflection by Driscoll (2000) has provided a useful means of reflecting on the incident described and analysing the decisions made. Although Mr X had expressed strong opinions about the choice of treatment he was willing to accept on his ulcer, negotiation had enabled a decision to be made that was safe, appropriate and cost-effective, in addition to being acceptable by him, thus ensuring concordance. Using the prescribing pyramid (NPC, 1999) provided a systematic, structured method of decision-making in relation to the choice of treatment, therefore ensuring that all essential aspects that needed to be considered were included. Conclusion Many district nurses have expertise in the different causes and manifestations of leg ulceration and wound care, thus most GPs tend not to interfere in the treatment, preferring to take advice from the experts in this field. So it makes sense that district nurses should be able to prescribe the most appropriate choice of dressing themselves. A good knowledge of wound healing mechanisms in relation to venous ulcers, in addition to a knowledge of treatment choices that reflect local policy, their suitability, contradictions and adverse reactions based on evidence not influence, ensured that Mr X received a dressing that proved successful in reducing the bacterial load, healing of the ulcer and comfort. The dressing did not cause any reaction or deterioration, therefore was safe and effective.

Free Essays on Living in a Lifeboat

In his 1974 paper titled â€Å"Living on a Lifeboat†, Garrett Hardin reduces growing populations and immigration to a metaphor of living in a lifeboat. The premise of the paper is that each country is like a lifeboat, only capable of handling a certain number of people. Once that capacity is reached, there runs a risk of upsetting the balance, and overturning the lifeboat, or society. If the lifeboat is already at capacity, then no more can be let on the boat, as well as no more can be born on the boat, until there occurs a death, creating a space for someone new. The United States is a lifeboat, and there are many people foundering in the ocean, wanting a chance to board our lifeboat, since it would yield a good, fruitful life. However, admitting many people would be detrimental to the health and success of the lifeboat. Of course, with this idea, there arises many ethical and moral issues, along with the practical. These can be looked at through many viewpoints, but t he most favorable one is the viewpoint of oneself, and your own survival. Since Hardin proposes that the United States lifeboat only give wisdom, not food, to other foundering lifeboats, we could incorporate the idea of one Jonathan Swift, and pass this wisdom onto other lifeboats, thus increasing their chances at survival. Hardin first observes that the people residing in the lifeboat could take a Christian or Marxist viewpoint of the whole matter. That is, try to help all of the people who are looking to join your lifeboat. If this were to occur, the occupancy of the lifeboat would soon far exceed the capacity of it, and it would sink, killing all aboard, including oneself. His second observation is that there is a limited number of empty spaces aboard the lifeboat. Thus a small number of people can be admitted to your lifeboat. But then arises the question, how do you decide who comes on. Is it a first come, first served basis, or should there be a sele... Free Essays on Living in a Lifeboat Free Essays on Living in a Lifeboat In his 1974 paper titled â€Å"Living on a Lifeboat†, Garrett Hardin reduces growing populations and immigration to a metaphor of living in a lifeboat. The premise of the paper is that each country is like a lifeboat, only capable of handling a certain number of people. Once that capacity is reached, there runs a risk of upsetting the balance, and overturning the lifeboat, or society. If the lifeboat is already at capacity, then no more can be let on the boat, as well as no more can be born on the boat, until there occurs a death, creating a space for someone new. The United States is a lifeboat, and there are many people foundering in the ocean, wanting a chance to board our lifeboat, since it would yield a good, fruitful life. However, admitting many people would be detrimental to the health and success of the lifeboat. Of course, with this idea, there arises many ethical and moral issues, along with the practical. These can be looked at through many viewpoints, but t he most favorable one is the viewpoint of oneself, and your own survival. Since Hardin proposes that the United States lifeboat only give wisdom, not food, to other foundering lifeboats, we could incorporate the idea of one Jonathan Swift, and pass this wisdom onto other lifeboats, thus increasing their chances at survival. Hardin first observes that the people residing in the lifeboat could take a Christian or Marxist viewpoint of the whole matter. That is, try to help all of the people who are looking to join your lifeboat. If this were to occur, the occupancy of the lifeboat would soon far exceed the capacity of it, and it would sink, killing all aboard, including oneself. His second observation is that there is a limited number of empty spaces aboard the lifeboat. Thus a small number of people can be admitted to your lifeboat. But then arises the question, how do you decide who comes on. Is it a first come, first served basis, or should there be a sele...

CORREGIDORA essays

CORREGIDORA essays Gayl Jones's Corregidora is not your typical response to a long and rather terrifying history of slavery in the Americas. Instead, it is an attempt to humanize the ugly experiences of older African-American generations. While on the surface, it appears another story focusing on the history of slavery in Americas; it is nonetheless a deeper and more complex analysis of that period in time. Ursa, is the protagonist of the novel, who is burdened by the painful history of her family and believes she is responsible for passing the stories on to the next generation, the way her mother and grandmother did. However since she has not experienced slavery in the way her ancestors did, Ursa relives those experiences through her music. For Ursa, music is her savior. She believes it can help her find the liberation from past that she seeks so ardently. However because of the fact that her ancestors including her mother and grandmother, constantly remind her of their past, Ursa is perpetually haunted by her family history. Music is important to her as she says in the novel, "I am Ursa Corregidora. I have tears for eyes. I was made to touch my past at an early age ... Let no one pollute my music. I will dig out their trumpets. I will pluck out their eyes" (77). Music is her sole means of redemption because in the absence of authentic records, Ursa felt her blues could the pain and suffering of her ancestors to next generations. Corregidora has both real and symbolic value in the book because on the one hand he is the person who destroyed the lives of Gram and Great Gram while on the other, he also symbolizes male legacy of chauvinism and exploitation that threatens the female freedom and existence. In the novel, Ursa is so intricately connected with her family history thatr everything that happens to her is linked with some past ugly experience of her ancestors. For example, when she becomes infertile ...

Capital Projects Recommendation 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Capital Projects Recommendation 2 - Assignment Example Operating cash flows includes; sales revenue, cost of production, income before taxes, marginal tax rate, depreciation, increase in working capital. Terminal cash flow includes; decrease in working capital, salvage value, marginal income tax rate. Cost of capital evaluates the cost of borrowing to pay for the project. This value is set as the benchmark for the lowest possible return. Opportunity cost determines the cost for taking advantage of one option over another. Break-even point determines if the project would contribute to the growth of the company. Capital budgeting technique uses different formulas for analysis of financial values to determine if a company should proceed with the planned investment or not. These formulas contain various parameters, and they have specific concepts. These parameters are Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback method. Embedded concepts of these parameters helped me evaluating fully equipped facility cost. Capital budgeting technique requires calculating OCF. All three parameters; NPV, IRR, and Payback use OCF values. NPV evaluates present value of the future cash flows that the project generates during its life (â€Å"What is NPV†). In simple language if the value of money generated during the project life is higher that the initial investment, the project makes money. IRR determines (Mohr) the cost of return at which all cash inflows (revenues) equals the present value of cash outflows (initial investment plus any other expenses). In other way, it is the cost of capital at which NPV is zero. Hence, if IRR is higher than the cost of capital, the project is making money. Payback period calculates the length of the time it will take to get back company’s initial investment. In other words, this method defines how long would it take to get the investment money back. Theses three parameters tell me; (1) how long would it take to get the initial investment back, (2) how much money the

Things Fall Apart Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Things Fall Apart - Essay Example The fact that he has three wives in and of itself illustrates his misogynistic nature and attitude. He is terribly cruel to his son Nwoye, as he feels that Nwoye is not masculine enough and that he is feminine and weak. Nwoye begins to behave in more masculine ways to please his father Okonkwo, as anything less is simply unacceptable and can lead to a beating from his father. Okonkwo is a portrait of dominant male ideology as he causes his family a great deal of pain and suffering because of this ideology. Okonkwo is rarely able to display emotion and is depicted as first and foremost, seeking to be masculine and in control. He is depicted however, at one point in the story, as a concerned parent, when he ventures out looking for Ezinma, after she is taken by Chielo. The reader also sees throughout the piece, Okonkwo’s difficulty in dealing with change in his environment, especially from a racial point of view. White men are coming to his village and living among his clan, only to cause Okonkwo to feel threatened and then to finally feel defeated. This is understandable as the white settlers only seek to change the ways and beliefs of the natives of Nigeria. These expressions of anti-colonialism seem to reflect the ideas of Achebe as well, as a prevailing theme surrounding the colonists seems to be their inability to speak the language of the tribe. This is ultimately what prevents them from understanding the ways of the tribe. Interestingly, as much as Okonkwo opposes the whit e man and his religion (Christianity), his son Nwoye converts to this very religion. Certainly, this is an illustration on the conflicts that arose during colonization. The white men brought their religion and beliefs to the Igbo people, and certainly Okonkwo represented the institution of tradition and culture. Further evidence of this is the fact that Okonkwo participates in the death of Ikemefuna, the sacrificial boy from a neighboring village

Our Daily Bread Essay Example for Free

Our Daily Bread Essay Our Daily Bread, as the title suggests this is not about bread, as I hoped it was. Rather its about people earning their bread, their livelihood. The term ‘bread’ is derived from the larger term ‘bread-winner’ as the one who is the primary provider of the household, and the ‘daily bread’ is simply referring their daily livelihood. As my time spent in the US, I often used to wonder how the different food companies were able to produce mass amount of food to keep the population fed. This movie is the answer and the revelation of how food is produced in Europe and the Western hemisphere. The film starts off as we get a glimpse of daily sanitation rituals being carried off at a meat farm. The different scenes show us to transportation of livestock, machine assisted watering of plants, and a conveyor belt at a poultry farm where they separate the males from the female chickens (I know this as I have seen this done before in a different setting). The machinery at poultry farm shows precision and efficiency as it sorts the young chicks into moving bins. The vaccination routine is also machine assisted which increases efficiency and production for the poultry farm. After few seconds, the young chicks have grown and we are shown the worker feeding them. The shot transitions into a break room where the worker is on a break with bread and tea, all alone. Next, we get the scene from a vegetable farm. A tractor picks the potatoes from the ground. Next shot, the workers prepare and wear protective gears to apply pesticides and fertilizers to the plants. But most of the work is done by machine assistance, needing almost no human intervention. It seems as the vegetables are being grown inside a greenhouse setting which allows vegetables to be grown all year long, without any weather restrictions. The only human labour being done is picking of the ripened vegetables. After work, the worker seem to be enjoying a small break, again alone. Now we see a bull and a cow where it seems breeding is in process. A closer look and we find that the workers are actually collecting the sperm. We find the sperm is transferred to medical examinations, I dont know exact ly why but possibility could be to efficiently use the sperms to fertilize every fertile egg they can afford without any loss. And of course, we see a healthy calf being born. But it is pretty amusing to see how the cow was cut open and the calf was pulled out, how could that really be possible? How much medication could the animal be on since it wasn’t moving or making any noise as such? And are there any advantages of this type of birth for animal? Next, we see a series of shots of men in tractors who are doing farm work with machine assistance. This shows the efficiency that is earned by machine which helps humans achieve more with less time spent and more time to spend on luxury, or more work. We return back to the poultry farm, the egg farming room to be exact. The eggs are hatched and due to the design, they are conveniently accessible by the farmers to pick. A worker is shown to be holding a chicken as he walks around the egg farm, possibly to warn other hens who dont lay eggs. In actual note, he maybe was checking for chickens which are dead. In the next shot, the workers are transported to a huge plantation to harvest crops growing under the ground, only time where tractors arent used. This is possibly the first time where machine use is limited to just watering the plants. Now we are shown our way to a pig farm. They are transported on a line into a machine where they are slaughtered by a machine. The human labour is limited to keep the line moving and in order. The machines are also used for most of the heavy work as boiling the skin and dissecting the pigs open. The human job is limited to cleaning up whatever else the machines may have left out and separating internal parts. We are also shown the marvel of modern technology with a biplane is used to fertilize the crops. There are also shots of heavy machinery usage in farms. Then we see a moving harvest truck where the outside workers are picking the vegetables and inside simply packaging them. Now we move to a cow-ranch. The cows are milked by machines in a rotating carousel. The cows dont seem to mind so much, as it seems to be part of their daily routine. Next, a visit to the deep underground salt mines where machines are used to do most of the heavy work such as carrying out the salt from place to place and outside the mine itself. A transition moves from underground to underwater as we see a fish-farm where hundreds and hundreds of fishes are seen in a small area. This also makes it easier for the huge pipe to suck out the fishes from the water and into the boat. They are transported to a factory where humans align the fishes to feed into the machines. Apparently the machines havent learned to distinguish the fish head from the tail, yet. The fishes are cut and cleaned by series of machines and then moved onto another human where he puts them on another machine to move them to another section. Here, the worker seems pretty bored of the routine task he has, perhaps feel ing like the machine at this point because of his job task. Next we see bunch of workers cleaning the fish for final prep before shipping them out. Now we come to a pig-farm. The two series of shots seems interesting as the first represented insemination of pigs by tube and next shows the piglets born in captivity, just like ‘The Matrix’. Just like in the movies, they grow up and the next shot seems as if the male pigs were being castrated. One can only understand why so, as they dont want to overproduce and give out the employees any bonuses. Or maybe not. The next series of shots show how chicken and cattle are prepared for consumption; as they are killed by the machines with little or less human effort required in the process. The final shot shows the end of the day routine- how everything is cleaned and sanitized for the next day of work. Despite all this, the workers in all places couldnt wait for their daily bread, their hard earned break from their work. Perhaps the routine manner of their tasks has become so innate to them that they dont seem to mind how their own food is being produced. For me, it was a bit amusing and shocking to see the conditions of animals but maybe after a few more views, I wouldnt mind it either. This movie shows the heavy usage of machinery used in the production of food, be it salt, pigs, chicken, vegetables, fish, or pigs. It was also amusing, in a way, to see how breeding had gone into the next level by scientific usage to effectively get their result financially and also in economic ways to feed the ever growing world population. It seemed as almost if humans were not the only ones alienated from nature, but also the animals which were being artificially inseminated and mutilated against their wills. The workers didn’t seem to care much for what they were doing either, as long as it made their breads. It seemed as they had been trained to do this for so long that they were used to it- like machines with machine hearts and machine minds. In another view, the unnatural size of the bulls in the breeding house seemed as if they were so-much genetically engineered to produce the maximum amount of meat possible. Perhaps they had mixed something in the dry grass that was being blown into their small cages they were put-in. The growing population also has seemed to affect the unnatural process by which plants were grown with usages of pesticides and fertilizers. The use of greenhouses portrays, in a way, the plant’s alienation from nature as it was now possible to grow all plants in any weather or conditions. The absence of narration or subtitles leaves the movie-watcher to make their own conclusion and perspective. The filmmaker, as I understand, doesn’t want to change our habits but simply be aware of the ways in how the planet is being fed. If anything, this should be seen by as many people as possible to make them aware of the status of food production and the status of the subjects which are involved in the food production i.e. humans, plants and animals alike. I must say some of the scenes in the movie are quiet disturbing but that is the current status of our population and food production required to feed them.

Internet Access Essay -- Internet Web Cybespace Essays

Internet Access   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It would be helpful to provide a brief historical summary of the Internet before jumping into the different means of accessing "The Net".   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Internet was developed primarily by Vinton Cerf, an American computer scientist, in 1973 as a part of a United States Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency project managed by American Engineer, Robert Kahn. In 1984, the project was turned over to the private sector and to government research and scientific agencies for further development. In 1993, the Internet was turned over to the public and by early 1995 access was available in over 180 countries and there were over 30 million users. It is expected that 100 million computers will be connected to the public Internet by the year 2000.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The public Internet can be accessed in several different ways: through a LAN, by a host, terminal access or gateway access. A LAN is a Local Access Network where there are a group of computers and other devices that are spread over a relatively limited area and connected by a communications link. This also allows you to communicate with any other computer on the network. If you access by a host, it is usually done through a LAN or with telephone lines and modems combined with Internet software on a personal computer. Terminal access is usually done by a telephone line and a modem and it is used with terminal- emulation software on a personal computer. This also allows you to int...

Country Side

Country Side Freedom surrounds those who aspire to achieve lonesome from the rest of the world. The perfect getaway is something that most people deserve once in a while. Complete solitary from everything and everyone nothing but fields for miles and miles away. The country side has a lot to offer the spectacular view and stunning landscape. It doesn’t matter whether it is winter, spring, fall or summer because either of these seasons changes the fact of how admiring the view is from a far. I am a victim of this ignorance. I never realize how precious and beautiful the country side is until I saw Harvey George W. ainting, New England Landscape, at the Andersons Gallery in Beverly Hills that opens my eyes into larger sense of beauty and strength. Harvey George W. was known for his Techniques of Fly Tying Fishing. Harvey was born on November 14, 1911, in Dubois, Pennsylvania. His father Archibald accepted a job as a stock farmer in Lansdale, Pennsylvania. That’s where he got inspired by painting the New England from his childhood memories. While Harvey was in the farm he had learned so many things and to appreciate what was handed to him, he did not come from a wealthy income family and all he could have done is go by what his expectation were.His Father Archibald teaches him how fish by the stream right off the stream. Even more he was being afflatus by the nature that surrounded him. Harvey is not a well-known artist but more for his achievements at Penn State University. At Penn State he teaches Fishing Tying for the first Time in history and that class was accredited in 1947. Also he got offered to run in the Olympics but then he was diagnosed with pneumonia and did not get to compete. In my perspective view, seeing this painting of the country side makes me want to forget about life and go there to escape from the everyday basis.The scenery is breath taking. The tree that is located on the center left hand is perfected it reflects how privacy i s supposed to be like. The stack of hay behind the giant tree is a symbol of freedom. The hay represents how everyone who would like to be stress free can just hide behind a tree and forget about their existence. The farm town is far away like it’s supposed to be and endless fields. This portrait reminds me of my own family ranch in Mexico; it made me realize that I am taking that part of my life for granted. Country Side Country Side Freedom surrounds those who aspire to achieve lonesome from the rest of the world. The perfect getaway is something that most people deserve once in a while. Complete solitary from everything and everyone nothing but fields for miles and miles away. The country side has a lot to offer the spectacular view and stunning landscape. It doesn’t matter whether it is winter, spring, fall or summer because either of these seasons changes the fact of how admiring the view is from a far. I am a victim of this ignorance. I never realize how precious and beautiful the country side is until I saw Harvey George W. ainting, New England Landscape, at the Andersons Gallery in Beverly Hills that opens my eyes into larger sense of beauty and strength. Harvey George W. was known for his Techniques of Fly Tying Fishing. Harvey was born on November 14, 1911, in Dubois, Pennsylvania. His father Archibald accepted a job as a stock farmer in Lansdale, Pennsylvania. That’s where he got inspired by painting the New England from his childhood memories. While Harvey was in the farm he had learned so many things and to appreciate what was handed to him, he did not come from a wealthy income family and all he could have done is go by what his expectation were.His Father Archibald teaches him how fish by the stream right off the stream. Even more he was being afflatus by the nature that surrounded him. Harvey is not a well-known artist but more for his achievements at Penn State University. At Penn State he teaches Fishing Tying for the first Time in history and that class was accredited in 1947. Also he got offered to run in the Olympics but then he was diagnosed with pneumonia and did not get to compete. In my perspective view, seeing this painting of the country side makes me want to forget about life and go there to escape from the everyday basis.The scenery is breath taking. The tree that is located on the center left hand is perfected it reflects how privacy i s supposed to be like. The stack of hay behind the giant tree is a symbol of freedom. The hay represents how everyone who would like to be stress free can just hide behind a tree and forget about their existence. The farm town is far away like it’s supposed to be and endless fields. This portrait reminds me of my own family ranch in Mexico; it made me realize that I am taking that part of my life for granted.

Thermoelectric generator

Plantation for providing the necessary infrastructure out this project successfully. I also thank Dry. S. Maryanne, Dean, School of Mechanical & Building Sciences for his support and continuously encouragement in completing the project. I express my genuine indebtedness to Mr.. C. Rammers Kumar, Senior Assai. Lecturer, School of Mechanical & Building Sciences whose whole hearted guidance and valuable suggestions throughout this project helped us in completing it successfully, without which the project would not have attained a fine and final shape.I would also like to express our gratitude to all faculty members of the school for their timely encouragement and thought provoking suggestion to pursue our work. Last but not he least, we would like to thank all those who were directly and indirectly helped us in completion of this project. CHAPTER: I 1. 0 Introduction Man's constant evolution couldn't have been possible without fuels. Society is putting more emphasis on the mobile transp ortation sector to achieve future goals of sustainability and on low thermal efficiencies of ICC engine.About 60% of heat-energy liberated during combustion of fuel is not utilized in producing useful work and getting dumped into the atmosphere daily. To achieve these goals, society needs to jump to a new method to recover the lost part of exhaust energy. The recovering of heat from exhaust gases in automobiles is a typical area of generating steam (or) electricity using W. H. R. B. * (or) Thermoelectric. It depends on the basic principle of ‘Speck Effect'.It would be useful to demonstrate the potential of thermoelectric generation in the automobile industry using Thermoelectric Generator (Tee's). A thermoelectric generator, which can be driven by the temperature difference, incorporates fins into a thermopile to conduct heat toward or away from the alternating spaces between adjacent layers of different types of thermoelectric material. Vehicles are becoming more electrified and the higher electrical demands under nearly all driving conditions are required.On board electrical energy management and storage systems are more prevalent. TEE'S provides source of additional electrical power without increasing fuel consumption. The study reveals that about 6% of the exhaust energy can be taped from the exhaust there by increasing the thermal efficiency. It can be used to increase the overall efficiency of the engine without increasing the fuel consumption and thus there would be a separate source of the electricity that a vehicle needs for keeping its battery charged and for erring all of its on-board electric circuits. W. H. R. B. = Waste heat recovery boiler 1. 1 Problem Specification To design and fabricate the Thermo Electric Generator and its various components. To test the TAG under various conditions when used on Marti 800 standing engine. 1. 2 Objective To design the TAG and its various components using Silkworms (CAD) designing software and to fabrica te the same using various manufacturing processes. Then the manufactured model is tested for efficiency , power output under various conditions when tested with Marti 800 standing engine.CHAPTER: II 2 Literature Survey 2. 1 Thermoelectric Principle The Thermoelectric principle though established for long back found application only to the field of sensor industry. But recent advances in materials, especially in semi conductors have paved way for applications to the field of power generation. This project studies the application of Thermo electrics as a waste heat recovery solution in vehicles and their potential for the future. 2. 2 Speck Effect The Speck effect is the conversion of temperature differences directly into electricity.This effect was first discovered, accidentally, by the German-Estonian physicist Thomas Johann Speck in 1821 . He found that a voltage existed between wow ends of a metal bar when a temperature difference AT existed in the bar. Fig. 1. 3 – Speck ef fect AS and SUB are the Speck coefficients of the metals A and B, and TTL and TO are the temperatures of the two Junctions. The Speck coefficients are non-linear, and depend on the conductors' absolute temperature, material, and molecular structure.If the Speck coefficients are effectively constant for the measured temperature range, the above formula can be approximated as: Thus, a thermocouple works by measuring the difference in potential caused by the dissimilar wires. It can be used to measure a temperature difference directly, or to assure an absolute temperature, by setting one end to a known temperature. Several thermocouples in series are called a thermopile. This is also the principle at work behind thermal diodes and thermoelectric generators (such as radioisotope thermoelectric generators or Arts) which are used for creating power from heat differentials. . 3 Semiconductor Based Thermoelectric Though the thermo-electric principle was established in the early 19th century , it was only after mid-20th Century advancements in semiconductor technology, however, that practical applications for thermoelectric devices became feasible. Semi- inducting materials, (in conjunction with copper inter-connecting pads), have been found to offer the best combination of Speck coefficient, electrical resistively, and thermal conductivity.Semi-conducting materials provide another benefit, the ability to use electrons or â€Å"holes† (the absence of an electron in a crystal matrix) to conduct current. This last property is useful in assembling many thermoelectric Junctions in series to reduce the overall current flow in the device to manageable levels. 2. 4 Thermoelectric Modules (TEEMS) Bismuth Telluride-based thermoelectric modules are designed primarily for cooling r combined cooling and heating applications where electrical power creates a temperature difference across the module.By using the modules â€Å"in reverse,† however, whereby a temperature d ifferential is applied across the faces of the module, it is possible to generate electrical power. Although power output and generation efficiency are presently low, useful power often may be obtained where a source of heat is available. 2. 5 Teems for Power Generation Thermoelectric (ET) energy conversion for power generation is based on the â€Å"Speck effect†, where a temperature difference, TTS-TTS, across two dissimilar legs of nonconductor material produces a voltage, Avocado.This voltage is equal to the Speck coefficient of the material, a, times the temperature difference across the device. The dissimilar legs of semiconductor material, one p-type and one n-type, are called a thermoelectric couple. The p- and n-legs are Joined by an electrically conducting material at the p-n Junction. A thermoelectric module consists of a series of p-n couples, which are connected electrically in series and thermally in parallel. Electrically insulating material separates the electr ical connectors from the heat source and sink.When a temperature gradient is applied across the couple, the negatively charged electrons, e-, in the n-leg and the positively charged holes, h+, in the p-leg move from the heat source to the heat sink, conducting heat to the cold base. This flow of electrons and holes causes separation in an initially uniform charge carrier distribution, which results in a current flow, l, in the couple. A thermoelectric module used for power generation has certain similarities to a conventional thermocouple. With no load, the open circuit voltage as measured between points a and b is: V = a.AT Where: V is the output voltage from the couple (generator) in volts a is the average Speck coefficient in volts/K AT is the temperature difference across the couple in K where When a load is connected to the thermoelectric couple the output voltage (V) drops as a result of internal generator resistance. The current through the load is: ‘load = (a . I is th e generator output current in amperes RCA is the average internal resistance of the thermoelectric couple in ohms the load resistance in ohms The total heat input to the couple (Sq) is: Sq The . L) – (0. 5. 12 . + (KC .CAT) Sq is the heat input in watts Kc is the thermal conductance of the couple in watts/K couple in K 2. 6 Module Selection The is the hot side of the The selection of the appropriate module for power generation with required voltage and current output was done on the basis of literature survey and was found that bismuth telluride module best suited to our condition because of its high efficiency and high operating temperature. Bismuth Telluride module was used because of its easy availability, low cost and low operating temperature range with a considerable efficiency.Material used for fabricating the outer frame is Cast Iron of 5 mm thickness, Cast Iron is used because of its cheap and easy availability. Outer Frame structure made on Solid Works Real time out er frame Full Assembly of the Chamber After the frame was manufactured, it was connected to the main setup as shown low, The setup included the catalytic converter attached to the Marti 800 engine. The inlet to the frame (TAG) is attached to the exit of the catalytic converter and the exit of the frame is to release the final exhaust gas to the atmosphere through a pipe.Here heat energy is converted into electric energy using thermoelectric module and therefore two plates are used in this experimental setup one is hot which is in direct contact with the exhaust gases flowing through the frame on one side and the other side of hot plate modules are placed and the other plate is cold plate which is assembled with cooling chamber as shown below, Hot plate used here is Aluminum of 5 mm thickness, one of which side is connected to frame exposed to exhaust gases directly.The picture below is the hot plate when modules are attached to it with the interface pads in between to increase the t hermal conductivity and to reduce the thermal resistance between the plate and the module. The cold plate which is assembled with cooling chamber is shown below, After connecting all this plates and module the entire frame structure is made to stand connected to the engine as shown above in one of the figure, and below shows he final completed set up with the exhaust pipe connected to the frame.

Causes of Shoreline Erosion

Causes of Shoreline Erosion Free Online Research Papers There are many causes of shoreline erosion. Most of them are natural. These are currents, storms, earthquakes, winds, waves, tides, and also the gradual movement of tectonic plates. Some beaches are also destroyed by men when harbors and dams are built, or any other structures that disrupt the fragile balance of nature. There are several different ways that the ocean can cause erosion: hydraulic action, wave pounding, abrasion, corrosion, and attrition. Hydraulic action takes place when air in a joint is suddenly compressed by a wave closing the entrance of the joint causing the joint to crack. Wave pounding is when the sheer energy of the wave hitting the cliff or rock breaks pieces off. Abrasion or corrasion is caused by waves launching seaload at the cliff. This is by far the most rapid form of shoreline erosion . Corrosion is the dissolving of rock by carbonic acid in sea water. Limestone cliffs are the most vulnerable to this kind of erosion. Finally, attrition is where particles carried by the waves are worn down as they hit each other and the cliffs. This then makes the material easier to wash away. Sediment is transported along the coast in the direction of the current. When the incoming current amount of sediment is less than the amount being carried away, erosion occurs. According to the Army Corps of Engineers, the most important cause of humans include the disruption of sediment sources with seawalls, revetments, and bulkheads, and the interruption of longshore sediment transport by the construction of groins and jetties. Research Papers on Causes of Shoreline ErosionOpen Architechture a white paperBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTwilight of the UAWWhere Wild and West MeetHip-Hop is ArtGenetic EngineeringThe Spring and AutumnComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Project Managment Office System

Prima Donna

Prima Donna Prima Donna Prima Donna By Maeve Maddox Henry Preston writes: Please, please, help nip this malapropism in the bud: Pre-Madonna. Im not kidding, Ive seen this twice in the past few weeks on comment boards. prima donna [prÄ“mÉ™ dÃ… nÉ™] (pree muh don uh) is an Italian term translated literally as first lady. In the music world, a prima donna is the best and most celebrated female singer in an opera company. Maria Callas swept into New York. She arrived, as is proper for prima donnas, in triumph. [Carmen] Melis had been a soprano prima donna at La Scala in Milan and had sung with Caruso and Titta Ruffo. Often referred to as the greatest Italian prima donna of the last half century, Tebaldi made her debut as Elena in Boito’s Mefistofele in 1944. Because some prime donne (plural of prime donna) felt that their talent and popularity deserved special treatment, the term came to mean self-centered, arrogant, uncooperative person. In this sense it is used to describe gifted or otherwise significant people who know their worth and want everyone else to kowtow to them because of it. The Senate, meanwhile, is an institution that, by nature, furthers individualistic prima-donna-ism on both sides of the aisle. This is namely for executives: how do you deal with prima donna employees? What is the best approach? Steeles A Prima Donna But We Arent Ready To Kick Him Off Stage One use of pre-Madonna is as a play on words in connection with the pop singer Madonna Louise Veronica Ciccone. When it comes to out-and-out ignorance of the term, the greatest supply of examples is to be found on semi-literate blogs and comment boards, and in sports writing. General comments: you both sound like pree-madonna little girls? arguing over a game, im not trying to get involved in ur war, but how about growing up? im a young egyption princess or milk maid im the greatest pree madonna in the land, I am sick in tired reality show celebs acting like pree-Madonna. Sports-related: Ankela is a little pre-madonna. What an attitude problem. The worst thing of it is that he actually believes that he is far superior to his peers. My trainer calls me a preemadonna cause i like to look good lol. Jay cutler is a primadonna (Not like Alex Rodriguez [was] a pree madonna) Lebron Premadonna James will never win a championship!! Its amusing that a term meaning best female singer has come to be applied to burly athletes. The Italian term for best male singer is primo uomo [prÄ“mÃ…  wÉ”Ë mo]. Bottom line: Unless the context has something to do with the pop music world before singer Ciccone came along, the expression is prima donna. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:60 Synonyms for â€Å"Walk†Rules for Capitalization in Titles45 Idioms with "Roll"

The Modern World-System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Modern World-System - Essay Example Unlike an empire where political structure connects culture with livelihood, the political structure in the world-economy works towards connecting culture with spatial position. Cultural harmonization tends to work in the best interest of specific groups in world-economy. In core-states, integration has perpetuated disparities that exist within the world economy. World-economies are made up of core-states. Peripheral regions are weak and have low independence. Sandwiched between core-states and peripheral areas are semiperipheral areas, which are an essential component of the world-economy structure. Semiperipheral areas act as a link between core-states and peripheral areas. The modern world-economy is a typical capitalist economy. The geographical definition range, as well as the status of its self-consciousness, remains vital in assessing a class. A group self-conscious is an outcome of conflict scenarios. Class boundaries in the upper societal strata are explicit ensuring a high likelihood of maintenance of privileges. There is a single class that has established itself as a universal- capitalist class. There is always friction in the relationship between the capitalist class and all the other social strata. Strong states work in the best interest of a particular group at the expense of others. In the world-economy, structures tend to be strong in core-states, while weak among periphery areas. Exploitation and rejection of coercion still remain an integral part of the modern world economy.

Financial analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Financial analysis - Case Study Example The report concludes with the summary of the EMI Group's financial performance in 2005. EMI Group PLC is a large company specializing on the music industry. The firm has a long history dating back to 1887. Since that time EMI Group has developed from a small recording enterprise into a major player of both music recording and music publishing markets. It is divided in to two divisions: EMI Music operates in the recording industry, while EMI Music Publishing is among the largest and the most successful music publishers. EMI Group operates directly in more than 50 countries with licensees in additional 20 and employs more than 6,600 people (EMI Group 2005a). EMI Music has about 6,000 employees worldwide, and EMI Music Publishing employs 630 staff. The strategy of the company is to deliver music - the main product of EMI Group - "in any form [including compact discs, tapes, and digital formats], at any time, and any place" (EMI Group 2005a). In line with this formula it is important to stress that EMI Group rapidly develops its departments focused on digital music sales. "By the middle of 2005 digital revenues accounted for just under 5 per cent EMI Group's total revenues, with that figure expected to reach 25 per cent in five years" (EMI Group 2005a). The catalogue of music published by EMI contains over 1.5 million titles of both classic and contemporary genres. The company offers songs of every genre to customers. Profit and Loss Account Profit and loss account of the company provides a record of all revenues and expenditures and totals the profit or loss over a given period of time (in our case the financial year ending March 31, 2005). To analyze the profit and loss account of EMI Group we will look into the following types of profit: gross profit (revenues from sales minus costs of goods sold), net profit (gross profit minus overheads), pre-tax profits (net profit plus one-off items), and profits after tax (pre-tax profits minus tax). The analysis of the profit and loss account is made in order to identify trends in sales, gross profit, expenses, stability of income, and growth in earnings per share. Group turnover for EMI Group is 1,942.8 m in 2005, while in 2004 it was 2,120.7 m (EMI Group Annual Report 2005b, p. 69). However these figures cannot give us enough information about the changes in profitability of the company. Cost of sales indicated in 2005 were 1,225.3 m in compare with 1,404.7 m in 2004 (EMI Group Annual Report 2005b, p. 69). Therefore, EMI Group sold fewer goods in 2005 than in 2004. The gross profit in 2005 was 717.5 m, while in 2004 it was 716 m. This gives us the notion that the profit from sales is slightly rising in compare to previous year. Analyzing the net or operating profits one can see that group net profit was 182.2 m in 2005 and 60.1 m in 2004 (EMI Group Annual Report 2005b, p. 69) - the net profit has risen significantly in 2005. Pre-tax profit aggregates 91.8 m, and profit after tax is 60.6 m in 2005, while it was a loss of 52.8 m and 72.5 m correspondingly in 2004. However absolute numbers can give us only partial information. Deeper analysis re quires examining relative figures, such as profit margin (pre-tax profit divided by sales). According to the information from FAME (2005) the average profit margin was 6.49 for EMI Group in the past ten years. In 2005 it was 4.73, while in 2004 profit margin was -2.50, and in 2003 it was 14.68. Thus

Plan Evaluation for Design Program Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Plan Evaluation for Design Program - Assignment Example The data collected will both be qualitative and quantitative in nature. Also in order to assess whether the teachers have understood the 5E’s mode of learning the teachers will be examined both as the workshops continue, and at the end of the series of workshops. The 5E’s mode of learning allows for better learning and understanding of scientific concepts in science subjects by students (Bransford, Brown, & Cocking, 2000). Background of the Project The program is a new mode of teaching that is more effective when compared to the traditional mode of learning. The traditional mode of learning science subjects has been the use of textbooks by teachers to deliver scientific concepts to students and then later testing to assess whether the concepts have been captured by the students (Irvin, Buehl, & Radcliffe, 2006). This mode of learning encourages memorizing of facts rather than understanding them. It is for this reason that the new 5E’s mode of learning has been in troduced. This mode of learning involves a five step series of learning where students are Engaged in the first stage of learning, the next stage is Exploration followed by Explanation, Elaboration and Evaluation. At the engagement stage, an event, question or object is used to engage the students as a connection is created between what they know and what they can do. At the exploration stage, phenomena and objects are explored and hands on activities are carried out with guidance. At the explanation stage students are allowed to explain their understanding of processes and concepts as new skills and concepts are introduced to fro better understanding. At the elaboration stage students then engage in activities that enable them to apply concepts and build on their skill and understanding. In the last stage of evaluation students engage in activities that allow them to assess their skills and knowledge and teachers assess the lesson effectiveness and student development. The goals of this project are to enable teachers of science courses in middle school, give students a learning experience that is superior to the traditional approach of teaching (Lambros, 2004). The other goal is to develop the competencies and skills of the students and teachers by addressing any learning shortcomings of the textbooks. The teachers will also be developed professionally through research-based best practice. The objectives of this project on the other hand include: To equip the teachers with peer-recognized expertise in the teaching profession. Secondly, to equip the teachers with skills and knowledge that will enable them participate actively in sustained learning through their active participation in the workshops (5E’s learning model). Thirdly, to help the students be able to analyze the scientific knowledge presented in the textbooks. Fourthly, to enable students participate actively in learning by collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting and presenting qualit ative and quantitative data and incorporating this information into the broader context of the scientific knowledge (Copeland, 2005). The project will involve two professors that will be in-charge of the workshops which will be teaching the middle school teachers everything there is to know about the 5E’s model of teaching. The program will also involve twenty five teachers from middle

Science a boon or a bane Essay Example for Free

Science a boon or a bane Essay In my view, I think that science is a boon as -well- as a bane, science is a world of knowledge. Each and every problem has a solution in science and each and every problem is created by science to our environment and our Eco system. There is a saying that anything over in use is harmful. In the same way science if overused is harmful. Knowledge can be used in a good way and also in a bad way same thing in science it can be used in good way as well as in a bad way. It depend on us how we use it, there are many advantage and disadvantages in it.

The Impact Of Online Communities On Physical Social Relationships Essay

Abstract Nowadays, people spend much time in online communities to network with virtual friends and play role plays. They provide an advantage for people with special needs who cannot leave the house, because they benefit from the accessibility of the internet. Moreover, they help people who often move to stay in touch with their friends. Nevertheless, spending too much time in online communities leads to drawbacks in the development of the user’s personality. More energy is dedicated to the virtual life than to real life and people lose track of their personalities while busy building online ones. Also, frequent users of online communities have difficulties beginning meaningful real life relationships. Virtual friendships are shallow due to the physical distance and the anonymity of the internet and it is common to have more friends than you are able to care for. Therefore, it is more rewarding to invest into physical relationships. Virtual friendships Danger of online communities Anonymity of internet The Effects of Online Communities on Physical Social Relationships Introduction Meeting for an after-work drink at the pub, going to yoga classes twice a week and having coffee with the ladies afterwards, organizing events for your local church community – all of those are only examples of what you can do with friends. At all times, relationships consisted of activities and common experiences which form an unforgettable bond between people. Sharing a memory gives a feeling of belonging and is something that can be laughed and talked about still a long time after the experience. However, times have changed. Nowadays, it seems to be common to solely communicate with people over the internet. First, there were... ...20, 2008, from http://family.jrank.org/pages/660/Friendship-Benefits-Friendship.html Lovenberg, F. von (2007, November 10). Und wann steigen Sie aus? [And when will you drop out?]. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, 262, Z1. Scribner, R. (2007, June 11). ‘Second Life’ presents societal dangers. Retrieved April 21, 2008, from http://media.www.reflector-online.com/media/ storage/paper938/news/2007/11/06/Opinion/second.Life.Presents. Societal.Dangers-3079650-page2.shtml Second Life. (2008). What is Second Life?. Retrieved April, 8, 2008, from http://secondlife.com/whatis Warford, H. (n.d.). Virtual vs. real communities [Msg 5]. Message posted to http://www.theinstitute.ieee.org/portal/site/tionline/menuitem.130a35585 87d56e8fb2275875bac26c8/index.jsp?&p Name=institute_level1_article& TheCat=1021&article=tionline/legacy/inst2007/may07/marketplaceques.x ml&

PERSONAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AND TEAM WORK ANALYSIS

Effective organisational public presentation is an facet that every organisation would wish to accomplish but how those organisations can bring forth a high public presentation. Teamwork must be one of the replies. This assignment provides some information and points out that why squad work is of import more than group work, and besides demonstrates the manner which squad members interact in order to do their work procedure flow swimmingly. Bing a good squad member, accomplishments demand is considered because personal accomplishments can be utile in footings of develop a squad ‘s public presentation. Due to this consideration, this is my good opportunity to better my accomplishments by placing some accomplishments which need to be improved. Making the personal development program and making a accomplishments audit are tools which can assist me to accomplish my end. As I am presently in the last term before making my thesis of the MBA class this assignment will demo what I have developed so far and demo how much I achieve my ends. This assignment is divided into three undertakings as follows: 1. Describe the different between squad and group and Identify and critically reflect on the relationship between the aims of important operational undertaking and my single function and aims. Furthermore, this undertaking will show and measure how I interacted with my co-workers and demo my sentiment in what I would make if I look back on the important undertaking and why I would make that. 2. This portion shows how I have developed my accomplishments over the class through my personal portfolio 3. This portion shows the contemplation on the procedure of my accomplishments development1. Working with a figure of co-workers on a given undertaking or important operational undertaking1.1 The differences between squad and groupThe word group and squad normally are used interchangeably, but there are really a figure of differences between a squad and a group depends on which portion you have considered. Longman dictionary defined both words base on the word significance: â€Å" group defined as several people or things that are all together in the same topographic point † and â€Å" squad defined as a group of people who have been chosen to work together to make a peculiar occupation † . Besides you can see a difference between group and squad by concentrating on a relationship among members in group or squad. Normally, members in a squad are close to each other and their single undertakings are related to one another. Significantly, squad donates more than one singl e involve in goal-oriented joint action while group refer to informal bunch of more than one person ( Wilson A. 1998 ) and it goes beyond single achievements. ( Ruth & A ; Herman G.1940 ) . In a group, members they are grouped together for administrative intent merely, some members might non cognize each other earlier but working as a squad, they work together because they got a squad end which is best complete with manual support and the relationship across persons is obvious. ( RDI enchiridion, 2009 ) The of import factor which differentiates squad from group is the interdependent among the squad member in executing the squad undertaking ( Saiyadain M.S, 2003 ) The squad members are diverse in footings of assorted positions, personalities, position and function.1.2 Significant operational undertakingDuring my old occupation, I was working in the cordial reception sector, ( In the little size hotel sector ) , as a general helper in a hotel ‘s eating house. On my operational u ndertaking within the hotel ‘s eating house, all staff were gathered to make our ain single undertaking. As the account about squad and group above, I think working with my co-workers on the important operational undertaking is near to a squad construct. Harmonizing to the squad construct, goal-oriented joint action is a cardinal point which indicates that we were working every bit squad because we had a end which we wanted to accomplish by working together because our single undertakings are linked. Significantly, my squad end was to do certain that we satisfy client demands and outlooks with a high quality of service. In my squad, there were 13 staff who had a duty concern to a whole procedure of service bringing ( e.g director, kitchen staff, waiting staff, ) As I mention above, holding the same end is the key which drawing all squad members together because all undertakings in the whole work procedure are linked. In order to accomplish the end, we needed to travel towards the same way because teamwork is a joint action of a group member and each squad members have to lend their accomplishments and sentiment toward the squad end. Therefore, our squad member, foremost, had to be cognizant and clear about the ends and understand single functions and undertakings. My chief function was covering with clients and do certain that they got the best service and other squad members besides got their peculiar undertaking but every undertakings were linked to one another. Working as squad, leading accomplishments is really of import. Leadership can be defined as the procedure of act uponing and persuade others to understand and hold about what needs to be done and how to make it. ( Gary Yukl, 2006 ) In the squad we needed person who can actuate and take squad members in to the right way without any fright of any jobs. Besides, working as squad, we had to interact among members all the clip to do our procedure flow swimmingly in the right way.1.3 Interaction amon g squad membersSignificantly, Interacting among team members is the key facet which can impact to a whole public presentation because it helps the squad to accomplish the end efficaciously. Harmonizing to Longman lexicon, Interaction is defined as a sort of action which two or more objects can impact to each other. The part from members such as interchanging sentiment, thought or cognition can assist the squad execute more effectual. ( Beyerlein M. et Al, . 2000 ) By and large, every squad member develop the ways of interacting among members over the clip, particularly interpersonal communicating among members because the effectivity of a whole public presentation ever depends on how good team members interact to one another. Often, independent squads are presented the best pattern for increased public presentation ( Hellenthal A. and Molleman E. 2008 ) because working as squad, there exists no individual in order to convey the best solution. The interaction such as how a squad make s determinations, assigns work, and holds members accountable determines squad success, these are really of import to see in any squad work. Harmonizing to my work experience, all of the squad members had to unclutter in head and understand the squad ‘s end, otherwise we might hold been gone in a different way. In our daily occupation, we were assigned a undertaking by a squad leader. Basically, squad leader was non the same member all the clip, it depends on the state of affairs. And in any determination devising, there was ever interaction among team members because in any decision-making everyone had to keep the duty for the determination which was eventually made because we were working as squad. All squad members reserved a right to hold or differ and demo our sentiment straight towards our leader. Furthermore, because of our undertakings were linked and would hold been effected to one another, hence staff meeting which was hold every two hebdomad in order to give a oppor tunity for staff to advise our public presentations and tried to happen a solution for any peculiar jobs.1.4 Significant operational undertaking and the existent state of affairs in my work topographic pointHarmonizing to the theory of communicating, ( RDI manus book, 2009 ) effectual communicating within any organisation is an facet that organisations have to concern. Bad communicating will necessarily take to loss of income or worse. Basically, there are three basic types of communications ; bipartisan communicating is the one which is extremely effectual because both transmitter and receiving system can give their feedback straight. Compare with my work experience, my squad end was run intoing the client outlook by presenting a good service. In daily undertaking, good communicating accomplishments would be really utile for working every bit squad because in the whole procedure of working, we had to pass on with the squad members all the clip to do certain that we reached all clie nts ‘ outlook in footings of service quality. Generally, squad members were assigned a undertaking and turn to a day-to-day end by a leader every forenoon and the leader besides allowed us to show our thought which might be utile for the squad if there was a particular event such as private party. During any twenty-four hours working, the most hard state of affairs was, when there was a particular order and waiting staff had to reassign that order to a chef. We had to do certain that we meet the client ‘s outlook. Apart from the daily undertaking, every two hebdomads, there was a meeting which made for all squad members to discourse a whole public presentation in the past two hebdomads. Every squad member would hold got all information which was utile for bettering the squad public presentation such as feedbacks from clients which were collected straight from clients. We besides got a opportunity to show our point of position and portion our thoughts and happen the count ries of understanding as the footing for coaction. Personally, I think the manner that the operational undertaking was managed was sensible and efficient, because good communicating among team member was really of import for working as a squad. If I could pull off this undertaking, I would still keep this good point about bipartisan communicating but I would believe more about staff committedness issue because all staff members were a portion of the success and we should return some benefits back to staff for their difficult work by appealing to them in footings of wages bundle such as salary, fillip, position and acknowledgment. If we could win the staff committedness, staff would be happy to work towards the operational undertaking and we would acquire the best public presentation from them.2. Personal PortfolioPersonal Development Plan is a tool which contains actions or aspirations oriented towards any of the undermentioned purposes and it should be seen as a changeless procedur e affecting sweetening and development of abilities, accomplishments and cognition ( RDI enchiridion, 2009 ) . Apparently, accomplishments audit is of import for everyone who would wish to put up PDP. Skills audit is a tool which is designed to assist you to place your strengths, failings and countries for development within assorted accomplishments countries. ( RDI enchiridion, 2009 ) Before I set up my PDP, I did a accomplishments audit and four of of import accomplishments were chosen to be improved as the tabular array below.Skills AuditKnowledge and accomplishments which I consider to be of import for future occupation Ability Rating ( 1-5 ) 1.Leadership accomplishments 2 2. Prioritizing accomplishment 4 3.Communication accomplishments 3 4. Planning accomplishment 3 5. IT skills 2 Note: see appendices for the original accomplishments audit Harmonizing to the accomplishments audit above, I identified my accomplishments which needed to be improved and take some activities to back up me to better my accomplishments. There are four accomplishments which I think they will be utile for my future calling. Those accomplishments are:1. Leadership accomplishmentFrom my accomplishments audit above I gave myself in a low evaluation and I thought I needed to better this accomplishment because this accomplishment is really of import accomplishment for a director. In the workplace director should hold an ability to actuate a squad member to work toward a common end and acquire the occupation done in order to do the over public presentation more effectual and successful. For bettering this accomplishment, I set some activities such as take parting in any group undertaking ( schoolroom ) , reading a book â€Å" Leadership accomplishments for directors † . During six months for bettering leading accomplishment, I have been derivi ng a batch of cognition and I got many opportunity to pattern this accomplishment. Significantly, I have leant how to carry group members to hold with my thought and besides larn how to be good leader in the group when we were assign the group undertaking such as squad ‘s treatments and presentations during category assignments. I besides learn from reading books which contain leading articles. These books helped me to understand the differences between director and leader ; how the leader is so of import to really work undertaking and it besides teaches me how to be a good leader.2. Prioritizing accomplishmentPrioritizing accomplishments is of import for director because good director is a individual who manages to be after the agenda and divide clip every bit between undertakings can be an plus for the organisation. This accomplishment fundamentally was the accomplishment which I gave myself a highest evaluation among all accomplishments. In the past six months, I improve th is accomplishment a batch particularly during the MBA class. By and large, there were many assignments which had to be submitted on clip, hence, this accomplishment is really utile for me because I could prioritise all my plants and working on the most of import at each minute and could subject all my assignment on clip.3. Communication accomplishmentsCommunication accomplishments are really of import for working as a squad. Working as a squad, Bad communicating will necessarily take to loss of income or worse. My communicating accomplishments at the beginning of the class were non good plenty. Language was my barrier because English is non my first linguistic communication. Therefore, take parting in any group undertaking ( schoolroom ) was the activity which utile for bettering these accomplishments. During my class, I got many opportunity to better my communicating accomplishments such as treatment category, work as a group and communicate to other group members. Furthermore, I h ave learnt a batch signifier the books about communicating. In order to go a more effectual communicator, I have learnt many different communicating ‘s channels such as memos – emails – meetings – teleconferencing – blink of an eye messaging4. Planning accomplishmentPlaning accomplishment is one of those accomplishments which allows a director to expect such issues and be prepared should they originate. My action program for bettering this accomplishment were reading and researching articles or books which are related to an assignment. Over the past six months, I read a batch of books which were utile to my assignment such as the book about Human Resource Management, Managing Change, Marketing, Finance and operational direction. Apart from reading, I did pattern some exercisings before the 24 hours appraisal in Finance direction.5. Information engineering ( IT ) SkillsNot surprisingly, IT skills are really of import in most parts of every workplace because IT accomplishments are still in demand and IT may be the most of import factor for long-run calling success. From my accomplishment audit above, I gave myself low evaluation because I got merely basic ability about IT. Therefore, I planned to better these accomplishments by making a batch of practising in some computing machine applications which I already got the basic cognition approximately such as Microsoft Excel, internet application. Furthermore, I have leant more about some computing machine applications which I had ne'er used earlier such as Autofill with Formulae and maps. From the activities above which were usage to assist myself to better my accomplishments in many countries. After my program reached the mark day of the month which was on April 2010, I will reexamine the accomplishments which were developed over the period of clip by this following tabular array: This tabular array below shows how I have developed my accomplishments so far during my class period. 20th October 2009 -20th January 2010 Skills 1 2 3 4 5 Leadership accomplishments*Prioritizing accomplishments*Communication accomplishments*Planing accomplishments*IT Skills*21th January 2010 – 21 April 2010 Skills 1 2 3 4 5 Leadership accomplishments*Prioritizing accomplishments*Communication accomplishments*Planing accomplishments*IT Skills*Note: 1 = need to be improved with a batch of attempt 2 = can be sensible but still necessitate betterment 3 = need more practicing and necessitate more clip to derive some experiences 4 = moderately confident but need more practicing 5 = achieve the end From the tabular array above which it shows how much my accomplishments have developed over six months. Basically, I divided my self- appraisal into two periods ( three months in each period ) . Harmonizing to the first period of my self-assessment, I realized that all of those accomplishments were developed bit by bit. It was because I had to set myself into new environment such as educational system and linguistic communication which different from my state. 1. Leadership skills- in the first period, I rated myself merely 3 because I think I need more practicing and necessitate more clip to derive some experiences and after six months was over I rated myself 4 which is moderately confident but need more practicing. Frankly, I think to be a good leader with a batch of confident, I need to maintain practicing and tilting from errors in the yesteryear. 2. Prioritizing skills- Before I started to better this accomplishment, I rated myself rather high ( 4 ) but after the first period was over, I still thought that my prioritizing accomplishment did non better much because I had to set myself to the new educational system. When the self-assessment was over, I think this accomplishment was developed successfully. 3. Communication Skills- These accomplishments was hard to be improved for me sing to a linguistic communication barrier. For the first period, hence, I needed to pattern really hard in both English accomplishments and communicating accomplishments because both are linked. After the whole period was over, I think my communicating accomplishments were developed moderately and I would wish to pattern and larn more to draw these accomplishments to be my strength. 4. Planing accomplishments – Although, this accomplishment is rather simple and easy to win but being in MBA cause, be aftering accomplishments was turned to be a spot hard for me. Nevertheless, maintaining myself on path and ever concentrating on the end of my survey, these made me improved this skill rapidly. Therefore, I think this accomplishment was developed successfully. 5. IT skills – Frankly speech production, I think these accomplishments are the most hard to be improve because there are many computing machine applications which take clip to be understood. For the first period, I did non better much on these accomplishments because it was hard to larn how to utilize some computing machine application by myself but within the 2nd period, I got a opportunity to pattern this accomplishment more frequently with my schoolmate due to the fiscal direction faculty. After six months were over, I think that even though I have improved this accomplishment but I need more practicing and necessitate more clip to derive some experiences. Harmonizing to my self- appraisal for all of the accomplishments above, I think I have developed those accomplishments moderately and successfully and those demand to be practiced continuously in order to do them to be my strength and be utile for my hereafter calling3. Contemplation on the procedure of accomplishments developmentHarmonizing to the personal development program, I chose five accomplishments which I need to develop over my class. First, leading accomplishments are the chief accomplishments which I need to develop. Leadership is defined as the procedure of act uponing and persuade others to understand and hold about what needs to be done and how to make it. ( Gary Yukl, 2006 ) and it is about carrying people to lend to doing something extraordinary happen ( Kuozen J. et al. , 2007 ) . Leadership accomplishments are really of import for any teamwork because making a squad end needs person who can take and carry squad members through the right manner whether it is hard or non. Equally far as I am cognizant, my leading accomplishments have been bettering because these accomplishments need clip to pattern. Apparently, group work in the category helps me a batch by constructing my assurance and I am besides larning organize the many books about leading such as â€Å" Leadership accomplishments for directors † which help me to understand more about why leading accomplishments are of import for director occupa tion and how I can go a good leader. Second, Prioritizing accomplishment, personally I thought this accomplishment was really easy to be developed but in fact being in MBA class made me realized that there were many obstructions which prevented myself to accomplish my end such as being in a different educational system and linguistic communication barriers. These obstructions made some of my work delayed but unluckily, I am still on the path and be able to better this accomplishment successfully. Third, Communication accomplishments, good communicate among team members is a portion of bring forthing an effectual squad public presentation. As I have learnt so far during my category period, bipartisan communicating is seemingly more effectual in pattern because treatment in a schoolroom needs everyone in the category to be participated by sharing our thoughts and I decidedly got a opportunity to portion my sentiment and larn how to be a good hearer at the same clip. And I ever use some techniques form the book, â€Å" Step ladders to success for the professional † which help me to execute in my category more expeditiously because difference of thoughts or sentiment might take us to group ‘s struggle and it happened to me many times but these experiences help me to larn how to manage the job. Fourthly, be aftering accomplishments, harmonizing to the fact that I have to subject all of my assignments on clip, hence, be aftering such as what I had to make, which book I had to read etcaˆÂ ¦these assist me to subject all of my assignments on clip and I got a sensible Markss for all of them. This accomplishment can use to any activities which need to be done in a certain clip. Last, IT skills which are of import for a director occupation in footings of utilizing it to bring forth organisational studies. Equally far as I am concern, the spreadsheet ( Excel package ) is really of import computing machine application which simulates a paper, accounting worksheet. Harmonizing to the complication of the plan, it has been taking me long clip to larn and understand how it works, but practising can assist me to utilize this plan more effectual in the hereafter.DecisionIn any countries of any concern, individual who has a possible accomplishment is ever required. Therefore, accomplishments development is really of import for any individual who would wish to acquire a good occupation. By and large, non merely for a occupation searcher but it is for person who needs to better his/her accomplishments in order to execute his/her undertaking more effectual. Personally, this personal accomplishments development helps me to place my ability and accomplishments which I nee d to better and actuate myself to accomplish my end by puting an action program. Although, I have non achieved all my programs at this minute but I believe that if I keep follow my action program, I will decidedly make my end in the hereafter.AppendixsPersonal Development PlanMy GoalWhich skills I need to better?Actions RequiredWho or What Can Help Me?Target Date for ActionTo derive diversified concern cognition and expertness in order to be a possible director in the hereafter by Bettering Some accomplishments which are related to my end 1. Leadership accomplishments – Participating in any group undertaking ( schoolroom ) – Reading a book â€Å" Leadership accomplishments for directors † Schoolmates and a coach By April 2010 2. Prioritizing accomplishments – Prioritize all my plants, working on the most of import at each minute. By April 2010 3.Communication accomplishments Participating in any group undertaking ( schoolroom ) Schoolmates and a coach By April 2010 4.Planing accomplishments Reading and researching article or book which are related to an assignment Coach Submit Date 5. IT Skills Learning Some computing machine Applications which are related i.e. spreadsheet By April 2010Skills AuditKnowledge and accomplishments which I consider to be of import for future occupation Ability Rating ( 1-5 ) Typical Description Coach ‘s Remarks 1.Leadership accomplishments 2 Manager should hold an ability to actuate a squad member to work toward a common end. Suthira has lead her squad ‘s treatments and presentations during category assignments and proved to be good squad leader. 2. prioritizing accomplishments 4 Good director is a individual who manages to be after the agenda and divide clip every bit between undertakings can be an plus for the organisation. During the class, Suthira has appreciated the importance of prioritising in the accomplishment of assignments and undertakings. 3.Communication accomplishments 3 Working as a squad, Bad communicating will necessarily take to loss of income or worse. Suthira ‘s bids of spoken and written English have improved since get downing the plan. 4.Planning accomplishment 3 Planing allows a director to expect such issues and be prepared should they originate. Suthira has developed good planning accomplishments. That appeared clearly during her readyings before categories commenced. 5. IT skills 2 IT accomplishments are still in demand and IT may be the most of import factor for long-run calling success. TitleThe Interaction Between Task and TeamAuthorsAlex Hellenthal, Eric MollemanPublisherVDM Verlag, 2008